Break Bulk Cargo
Bulk cargo can be categorized further into liquid bulk (like oil, water, liquefied natural gas) and dry bulk (like coal, grain, iron ore). ... procedures. On the other hand, break bulk shipping can sometimes be more …
Introduction to Iron ore Pellets and Pelletizing processes
The various advantages of iron ore pellets are given below. Iron ore pellet is a kind of agglomerated fines which has better tumbling index when compared with the iron ore and it can be used as a substitute for the iron ore lumps both in the BF and for DRI production. Pellets have good reducibility since they have high porosity (25 % to 30 %).
Chapter 3.5 – Bulk and Breakbulk Terminal Design and Equipment
The capacity of a dry bulk terminal to transload coal or iron ore is determined by many factors, such as the quay length, the yard dimensions, the quay and yard equipment, the stockpile patterns and heights, the storage time distribution of the bulk material, the number of types and/or grades handled, the terminal operating hours (waterside and ...
Break Bulk Cargo: The Complete Guide
Bulk cargo refers to trades where dry cargoes are loaded directly on the holds of the ships. Examples of these cargoes are grain, iron ore, coal, and other related items. Break bulk cargo on the other hand refers to the trades where the cargoes are stowed in unitised forms like bags, pallets, drums, crates, and the like. Ships carrying these ...
Bulk properties variability and interdependency …
Therefore, it is important to understand the effect of uncontrollable variations on the process. This study quantifies variability and interdependency of bulk property of a range of …
Bulk Materials Storage Design: Considerations for …
1. Bulk Material Testing and Typical Results. Good knowledge of the flowability characteristics of bulk materials are essential to successful design, eliminating unnecessary risk and ensuring a smooth transition from the construction to …
bulk storage for iron ore the procedure
Jul 28, 2018· The latest data available (2016) put the worldwide seaborne dry bulk trade at 4,553 million metric tons, of which 1,354 million metric tons, or 30%, were iron ore. The iron ore tonnage is up 37% from 2010. The iron ore trade is overwhelmingly directed at East Asia: China accounted for 68%, Japan for 10%, and South Korea for 5%.
Modelling the stability of iron ore bulk cargoes during …
Liquefaction of an iron ore bulk cargo is a process where the bulk material flows in a manner resembling a liquid under the monotonic or cyclic ship motion. ... The modelling procedure commences with a nominated effective roll angle for a vessel. ... ICBMH 2013 — 11th International Conference on Bulk Materials Storage, Handling and ...
Moisture content limits of Iron Ore Fines to prevent …
With this, the growing demand from countries, such as China and Japan for iron ore produced in countries, such as Australia and Brazil, is only increasing. Iron Ore Fines (IOF) are a product of iron ore, commonly having a particle size less than 6.3 mm, which is transported around the world in bulk carriers. Since the holds of bulk carriers are ...
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI): Guide to Shipping, Handling …
The two principal global technologies for direct reduction of iron are Midrex and Energiron, both gas-based shaft furnace processes where a descending column of iron ore is reduced by an …
Determination of the transportable moisture limit of iron ore …
Recent incidents involving bulk carriers transporting iron ore fines have initiated research into, and implementation of, a new test method used to determine a safe moisture content at which it can be transported without being at risk of liquefying. ... and storage. Recommendations have been given, based on the key findings from the reports, to ...
IIMA Publishes Guide to Shipping, Handling, and Storage of …
Ore-based metallics - merchant pig iron (MPI), direct reduced iron (DRI), hot briquetted iron (HBI), granulated pig iron (GPI) - are value-adding feedstock materials for the iron & steel and ferrous casting industries and IIMA has as its principal objective their promotion through product and market support, innovation, education and regulatory ...
Direct Reduced Iron By-Product Fines (DRI D): A Guide …
iron ore burden is such that the ascending column of g ases interfaces with the maximum surface area of the iron ore - the higher the content of iron ore fines in the feedstock, the lower the permeability of the burden. The iron ore feedstock (pellets and lump ore) is therefore screened to remove fines before being charged to the furnace.
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
The direct reduction process uses pelletized iron ore or natural "lump" ore. One exception is the fluidized bed process which uses (requires) sized iron ore particles. Select few ores are …
Iron Ores in Bulk Cargo on Ship | Sampling procedure, …
Procedure for sampling of Iron Ore Fines: Shippers are required, as per Section 4.3.3 of IMSBC, to establish procedures for 'sampling, testing and controlling moisture content to ensure the moisture content is less than TML'. These procedures should be approved and their implementation checked by the competent authority of the port of loading.
Highly efficient materials handling for mines and …
Lee Hedd. Business Development Manager. Ottawa, Canada. Contact. We have built a worldwide reputation for designing bulk materials handling systems which help you get commodities such as coal and iron ore out of the mine and onto …
What is dry bulk cargo?
Storage: Bulk Cargo: ... Iron Ore: The Preeminent Dry Bulk Cargo. Iron ore stands out as the most common single dry bulk cargo transported by vessels worldwide. ... Handling dry bulk cargo involves specialized equipment, facilities, and procedures due to the diverse nature of such goods, which can range from grains, coal, and ores to powders ...
Iron ore (fines)
HDRI can be transported from a MIDREX® Shaft Furnace to a nearby steel mill at up to 650° C by one of three methods: enclosed and insulated conveyor, specially configured transport vessel or HOTLINK®, a system for direct feeding of HDRI …
Handling of bauxite
Storage bunkers are situated close to the shore line and are relatively exposed generally resulting in spills occurring at the ports. The refineries are also subject to spills and other incidental releases. ... Pig iron preparations for bulk …
Guidance on preparing cargo holds and loading …
Skuld Owner Members were presented with a cargo of mineral ore in bulk that had been declared by the Shippers to be a Category "C" cargo under the IMSBC, i.e.: a cargo that was neither prone to liquefaction (Category "A") …
Handling bulk coal
Safety precautions for loading and carriage of iron ores; Risk of carrying high density iron ores in bulk; Salt loading guideline - Precautions & hold preparation; Pig iron preparations for bulk loading; Risk of iron ore liquefaction during sea passage & countermeasures; Petcoke loading in bulk & associated problems for bulk carriers
Estimation of Bulk Density, Recovery Tests and
The procedures for conducting bulk density tests is out lined as under: 4. Bulk density tests Table.1. Bulk Density Test for Iron Ore at Obulapuram Iron Ore mine dated 20-6-2014 Average Bulk Density: 2.98+3.02+3.03+2.51=2.88 Pit No.01, Pit No.2, Pit No.3 and Pit No.4 were considered for conducting the bulk density determination test work. ...
Bulk cargo liquefaction guidance
Many common bulk cargoes, such as iron ore fines, nickel ore and various mineral concentrates, are examples of materials that may liquefy. If liquefaction occurs on board a vessel, the stability will be reduced due to the free surface effect and cargo shift, …
Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI): A Guide to Shipping, …
DRI, also known as Sponge Iron, is the product of the direct redu or other ironction of iron ore-bearing materials while in the solid state, i.e. without melting, using "reducing agents" carbon monoxide and hydrogen, derived from reformed natural gas, syngas or coal It is a porous . iron material which, due to its
Maximizing Iron Unit Yield from Ore to Liquid …
This large surface area facilitates the reduction of iron ore to DRI; however, it is prone to generate significant fines during handling and storage and encourages reactivity with oxygen when exposed to air and water. ... (IMO) solid bulk …
Usage of High-LOI Iron Ore Fines in Pellet Making
Loss on ignition (LOI) in the mineral represents the chemically bonded water which can be removed at high temperatures only. High LOI in iron ore fines has an adverse affect during pellet induration process. High-LOI iron ore fines are required for detailed laboratory pelletization studies and are used in pellet making. The received iron ore is martite–goethitic …
Carriage of grain safe procedure
2. If the cargo is stowed only in the lower compartment, the lower compartment hatch covers should be secured in the approved manner. 3. If the cargo is stowed in the upper compartment above a tween deck whose covers are not grain- tight, the covers should be made grain-tight using sealing tape, tarpaulins or separation cloths.
IIMA Publishes Guide to Shipping, Handling, and …
IIMA Publishes Guide to Shipping, Handling, and Storage of Hot Briquetted Iron. One of IIMA's primary concerns is the safe handling and transportation of ore-based metallics – hot briquetted iron (HBI), direct reduced iron (DRI) and pig …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
Description / Application / Shipment - Storage / Risk factors. Direct-reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets or fines) by a reducing gas produced from natural gas or coal.The reducing gas is a mixture majority of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) which acts as reducing agent.
Bulk Iron Ore Shipping
Bulk Iron Ore. Iron Ore is a rock containing iron-rich compounds and forms the basic raw material in the manufacture of steel and iron products.. There are many varieties of iron ore, such as hematite and magnetite, mined throughout the world and shipped, especially in large ships, to industrial regions worldwide in the form oi fines (dust) or in lumps; can be very …